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Vento
When everything (Sun, Moon, Earth.) are perfectly aligned, The sun being in front of the Earth, the Earth thus casting a shadow upon the moon hence causing the eclipse. 
AL2006
When the Sun, Earth, and Moon are all in the same straight line,
you get a lunar eclipse. 

Notice that the sun is ALWAYS "out in front" of the Earth, and the
Earth's shadow is always "behind" it.  We get a lunar eclipse when
the Moon sails through the shadow.

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