main earthquake hazard is ground displacement(ground movement) along a fault. If a structure (a building, road, etc.) is built across a fault, the ground displacement during an earthquake could seriously damage or rip apart that structure.
From Figure 4 you can tell that the San Andreas Fault is a right-lateral transverse (strike-slip) fault because the other side of the road (on the opposite side of the fault) has moved to the right, relative to the photographer's position.
